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Demantoid
Demantoid is scientifically an andratite garnet of the ugrandite series. This calcic series has a generic chemical formula Ca3X2(SiO4)3 where X represents iron in the case of andratite. However, andradite is distinguished within its series by traces of chromium, titanium or vanadium, which interfere with its chemical composition. In the case of demantoid, we therefore have Ca3(Fe, Cr)2(SiO4)3: iron and chromium and, more precisely, Ca3(Fe1-xCrx)2 [SiO4]3. It is therefore an allochromatic andratite calcic iron garnet whose colour is due to iron and impurities of trivalent chromium (and ferric iron).
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